[{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.starweg.cz\/jedna-z-kolebek-lidske-civilizace-nalezena\/#Article","mainEntityOfPage":"https:\/\/www.starweg.cz\/jedna-z-kolebek-lidske-civilizace-nalezena\/","headline":"Jedna z kol\u00e9bek lidsk\u00e9 civilizace nalezena","name":"Jedna z kol\u00e9bek lidsk\u00e9 civilizace nalezena","description":"V\u011bdci provedli genetick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum, v \u010dele v\u00fdzkumu st\u00e1la jihoafrick\u00e1 geneti\u010dka Vanessa Hayesov\u00e1 z Univerzity v Sydney, kter\u00fd zjistil, \u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 druh se vyv\u00edjel v severn\u00ed Botswan\u011b, kde se nyn\u00ed nach\u00e1zej\u00ed soln\u00e9 pl\u00e1n\u011b.
 V\u00fdzkum byl zalo\u017een\u00fd na genetick\u00e9 studii, kter\u00e1 zkoum\u00e1 migra\u010dn\u00ed modely.
 Pro v\u00fdzkum si t\u00fdm vybral populaci Namibie a Jihoafrick\u00e9 republiky. V\u011bdci zkoumali 200 […]","datePublished":"2019-11-01","dateModified":"2023-06-08","author":{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.starweg.cz\/author\/devene\/#Person","name":"devene","url":"https:\/\/www.starweg.cz\/author\/devene\/","identifier":1,"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/014a645f9f16d49aceddb25e316448c724bd78e7db0ee7a34c29417d5ca39ef1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/014a645f9f16d49aceddb25e316448c724bd78e7db0ee7a34c29417d5ca39ef1?s=96&d=mm&r=g","height":96,"width":96}},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"starweg.cz","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"\/logo.png","url":"\/logo.png","width":600,"height":60}},"image":{"@type":"ImageObject","@id":"https:\/\/www.starweg.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a362083_w4184_t1575058311.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.starweg.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/img_a362083_w4184_t1575058311.jpg","height":0,"width":0},"url":"https:\/\/www.starweg.cz\/jedna-z-kolebek-lidske-civilizace-nalezena\/","about":["V\u011bda"],"wordCount":395,"articleBody":"V\u011bdci provedli genetick\u00fd v\u00fdzkum, v \u010dele v\u00fdzkumu st\u00e1la jihoafrick\u00e1 geneti\u010dka Vanessa Hayesov\u00e1 z Univerzity v Sydney, kter\u00fd zjistil, \u017ee n\u00e1\u0161 druh se vyv\u00edjel v severn\u00ed Botswan\u011b, kde se nyn\u00ed nach\u00e1zej\u00ed soln\u00e9 pl\u00e1n\u011b.
 V\u00fdzkum byl zalo\u017een\u00fd na genetick\u00e9 studii, kter\u00e1 zkoum\u00e1 migra\u010dn\u00ed modely.
 Pro v\u00fdzkum si t\u00fdm vybral populaci Namibie a Jihoafrick\u00e9 republiky. V\u011bdci zkoumali 200 genetick\u00fdch znak\u016f mitochondri\u00e1ln\u00ed DNA obyvatel, kter\u00e1 jsou d\u011bd\u011bny po matce. Testy DNA ov\u0161em prok\u00e1zali velmi malou p\u0159\u00edtomnost genetick\u00e9 linie. P\u0159i dal\u0161\u00edm srovn\u00e1n\u00ed je stopy zavedli pr\u00e1v\u011b ke Khoisan\u016fm.
 Podle studie jsme potomky Khoisan\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed jsou etnickou skupinou obyvatel v jihoz\u00e1padn\u00ed Africe. Nejsp\u00ed\u0161e vytvo\u0159ili prvn\u00ed lidskou komunitu, jak ji zn\u00e1me dnes jako lovci a sb\u011bra\u010di. Experti v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010dlov\u011bk na planet\u011b Zemi m\u00e1 za p\u0159edka pr\u00e1v\u011b jednoho z nich.
 
 Po 70 tis\u00edc let z\u016fstal jejich genom nezm\u011bn\u011bn\u00fd, tud\u00ed\u017e v\u011bdci usuzuj\u00ed, \u017ee po tuto dobu z\u016fstali na stejn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b.
 Oblast severn\u00ed Botswany je dnes sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed pou\u0161t\u011b Kalahari, kter\u00e1 tvo\u0159\u00ed 70 % \u00fazem\u00ed. D\u0159\u00edve bylo \u00fazem\u00ed ov\u0161em pln\u00e9 zelen\u011b a vl\u00e1hy, a dokonce se tam nach\u00e1zelo obrovsk\u00e9 jezero. P\u0159ed 130 tis\u00edci lety za\u010dala oblast vysychat, proto za\u010dalo doch\u00e1zet k migraci obyvatel, ov\u0161em ne v\u0161ichni migrovali. Dal\u0161\u00ed migra\u010dn\u00ed vlna p\u0159i\u0161la o 20 tis\u00edc let pozd\u011bji. K vysych\u00e1n\u00ed doch\u00e1zelo kv\u016fli p\u0159irozen\u00fdm zm\u011bn\u00e1m klimatu, proto\u017ee se osa Zem\u011b posouvala. Takhle podle v\u011bdc\u016f za\u010dalo os\u00eddlen\u00ed v\u0161ech kontinent\u016f, kter\u00e9 trvalo n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek tis\u00edc let. P\u0159ed 50 a\u017e 40 tis\u00edci let dorazili do Evropy prvn\u00ed lid\u00e9.
 \u010c\u00e1st lid\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v oblasti z\u016fstala, tedy dne\u0161n\u00ed Khoisan\u00e9, se st\u00e1le \u017eiv\u00ed lovem a sb\u011brem jako kdysi. Adaptovali se na vyprahl\u00e9 podm\u00ednky, a z generace na generaci si p\u0159ed\u00e1vaj\u00ed informaci o sv\u00e9m p\u016fvodu.
 
 Studie je ov\u0161em kritizov\u00e1na za \u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed z omezen\u00fdch dat. Jin\u00e9 archeologick\u00e9 n\u00e1lezy dokazuj\u00ed, \u017ee na\u0161i p\u0159edci poch\u00e1zeli sp\u00ed\u0161e z v\u00fdchodn\u00ed Afriky. Lidsk\u00fdch domovin by t\u00edm p\u00e1dem nejsp\u00ed\u0161e m\u011blo b\u00fdt v\u00edce.
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         4.3\/5 - (7 votes)        "},{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org\/","@type":"BreadcrumbList","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Jedna z kol\u00e9bek lidsk\u00e9 civilizace nalezena","item":"https:\/\/www.starweg.cz\/jedna-z-kolebek-lidske-civilizace-nalezena\/#breadcrumbitem"}]}]